UML Review Questions
from cfw

51. Which of the following statements are true?

  1. Use a Use Case to define a requirement of the system.
  2. It is best for Use Cases be written by developers as they know how to design and implement them
  3. Use Abuse Case to test the flexibility of the system.
  4. Response time, fault-tolerance and scalability can be defined in System Use Case
  5. Use Cases focus attention on aspects of a system useful to people outside of the system itself as well as inside the system.
  6. Use a Test Case to test a particular feature of the system
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52. Which of the following statements are false?

  1. Use a InCase to define requirements inside the system boundary
  2. A UseCase is a collection of possible sequences of interactions between the system under discussion and its external actors, related to a particular goal.
  3. A UseCase may have many goals.
  4. A UseCase may have several scenarios. Each scenario is a sequence of interactions happening under certain conditions, to achieve the primary actor's goal, and having a particular result with respect to that goal.
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53. Which of the following statements are true?

  1. By structuring the use cases and their relationships properly, you can create functional specifications that never need to be changed in more than one place.
  2. The structure of use cases is a reflection of software structure that is planning to build.
  3. The structure of use cases can be represented by Use Case Diagram
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54. Refer to the diagram to answer the question. Use Case 1: Sales Clerk checks out an item 1. Customer sets item on counter. 2. <<uses>> Swipe UPC Reader. 3. System looks up UPC code in database procuring item description and price 4. System emits audible beep. 5. System announces item description and price over voice output. 6. System adds price and item type to current invoice. 7. System adds price to correct tax subtotal What is wrong with the use case description?

  1. Item #2 is illegal
  2. It includes certain implementation details
  3. There is nothing wrong with this use case
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55. Which of the following statements are true?

  1. The Unified Process is a based on risk-driven and responsibility-driven development process.
  2. The Unified Process (UP) combines commonly accepted best practices, such as an iterative lifecycle and risk-driven development, into a cohesive and well-documented description.
  3. In 1994, the DOD dropped their waterfall specification in favor of Iterative Development Process.
  4. Iterative development process is to divide development effort into many small steps so that users can provide feedback more readily and system can be refined incrementally.
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56. Which is the true statement pertaining to Global Data?

  1. A mechanism to access data maintained centrally
  2. Software programs consist of data and operations on the data. Traditionally, we have partitioned the operations into modules. The data has remained intact. Every part of the program has access to the same data.
  3. In C++, one can keep data globally but Java does not support this feature.
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57. Which of the following statements are true?

  1. In IE approach, Context Diagrams is used to figure out the boundary around the software that we have to develop.
  2. Using OO approach, Use Case Diagrams are used to depict who -- and what -- interacts with our application.
  3. Both Context Diagrams and Use Case Diagrams depict the same kind of information.
  4. All of the above
  5. None of the above
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58. Which of the follow statements are true about Patterns?

  1. A pattern is a named description of a problem and solution that can be applied to new context.
  2. GRASP patters stand for General Responsibility Assignment Software Patterns and describe fundamental principles of object design and responsibility assignment.
  3. Patterns are commonly applied during coding.
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59. Which of the following statements are false about the Procedural Approach?

  1. System is organized around procedures.
  2. Procedures send data to each other.
  3. Procedures and data are clearly separated.
  4. Procedures are often hard to reuse.
  5. No transformation of concepts between analysis & implementation.
  6. This programming paradigm is essentially an implementation of machine / assembly language.
  7. Design models are a long step from implementation.
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60. Which of the following statements are false about the Object-Oriented Approach?

  1. System is organized around objects.
  2. Objects send messages (procedure calls) to each other.
  3. c) Related data and behavior are tied together in objects.
  4. Modeling of the domain as objects so that the implementation naturally reflects the problem at hand.
  5. Visual models are expressive and relatively easy to comprehend. Many case tools can even generate fully functional code from models.
  6. Design models are only a small step from implementation.
  7. The use of UML guarantees that the targeted system conforms to object-oriented principles.
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61. How to minimize the impact of change due to variations or instability of certain objects, subsystems and systems?

  1. Identify points of predicted variation or instability; assign responsibilities to create a stable interface (or protection mechanism) around them.
  2. Applying data encapsulation, interfaces, polymorphism and indirection design patterns
  3. Service Lookup is an example of protected variations because clients are protected from changes in the location of services using the lookup service.
  4. Externalizing properties in a property file.
  5. All of the above
  6. Only a and d
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62. Which design pattern would resolve incompatible interfaces or provide a stable interface to similar components with different interfaces?

  1. Controller
  2. Mediator
  3. Visitor
  4. Adapter
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63. Which design pattern would resolve who should be responsible for creating objects when there are special considerations such as complex creation logic, a desire to separate the creation responsibilities for better cohesion and so forth?

  1. Creator
  2. Factory
  3. Singleton
  4. Abstract factory
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64. Which of the following statements are true for Singleton pattern?

  1. Exactly one instance of a class is allowed, it is a singleton. Objects need a global and single point of access.
  2. Define a protected method, "getInstance()", of the class that returns the singleton.
  3. All of the above
  4. None of the above
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65. Which design pattern would manage the reuse of objects for a type that is expensive to create or only a limited number of objects can be created?

  1. Singleton
  2. Object Pool.
  3. Memento
  4. Connection pool
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66. Which of the following statements are true about the Strategy pattern?

  1. Define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it.
  2. The "context" part of the design that deals with the behavior at an abstract level. The behavior is thus referred to as the "strategy" for accomplishing a task. The context is the "invariant" part of the design in that its behaviors do not change from situation to situation. Thus it can be encapsulated into a single object.
  3. The "strategy" part of the design captures the "variant" nature of the design where the particular actions are chosen dynamically in the run time. The strategy section consists of an abstract strategy class and a series of concrete strategy subclasses. Each subclass represents a possible specific action that could be taken when the strategy is executed by the context. The variant nature of the design has been abstracted and captured in a tree hierarchy.
  4. All of the above
  5. B and c only
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67. Which of the following statements are false about Domain Model?

  1. A representation of real world conceptual classes and software components. Normally, it does not contain operations
  2. Domain Modeling is driven by use cases as they become known. If a use case appears, the modeling team should look at it to assess whether all elements are captured in the domain model.
  3. It is better to under specify a domain model in order to communicate with business users effectively
  4. Class identification can be done through the identification of nouns in the use case text or using a conceptual class category list.
  5. A report object is an essential element in a domain model.
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68. What is wrong with the Domain Modeling Guidelines?

  1. List the candidate conceptual classes using the conceptual class category list and noun phrase identification.
  2. Draw them in the domain model.
  3. Add the associations.
  4. Add the attributes.
  5. Add the operations
  6. Draw them in Activity diagrams.
  7. If a class X cannot be represented as a number or text in the real world, X is probably a conceptual class, not an attribute.
  8. A Domain Model is not absolutely correct or wrong, but more or less useful.
  9. If a new class is discovered during the design modeling then that class should be added to the Domain Model for consistency reason.
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69. Which statements are false when partitioning a class into subclass?

  1. The subclass has additional attributes of interest.
  2. The subclass has additional associations of interest.
  3. Some of the attributes/operations in super class are not applicable to subclass
  4. The subclass concept is operated on, handled, reacted to, or manipulated differently than the superclass or other subclasses in ways that are of interest.
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70. Which of the following statement is false?

  1. Realization is also known as Interface Implementation and indicates that one class implements beheavior specified by another. Realization is deliberately similar to generalization. It indicates that one class implements some behavior specified by another.
  2. It is permissible for one implementation class to realize another, this means that the realizing class must conform to the interface but need not use inheritance. In a specification model there is no difference between realization and subtyping.
  3. Dependency relationship indicates that one element has knowledge of another element. In class diagrams the dependency relationship is useful to depict non-attribute visibility between classes, in other words, parameter, global, or locally declared visibility. E.g. Class A - -> Class B (dotted line)
  4. All of the above
  5. None of the above
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71. Which of the following statement is false about Design Model?

  1. A Class Diagram in design model doesn't show real world objects; rather it shows software classes only.
  2. A Design Model illustrates the specifications for software classes and interfaces, typical information includes: classes, associations, attributes, interfaces with their operations and constants methods, attribute type information, navigability and dependencies.
  3. Setters and getters should not be included in the Design Model.
  4. Programming Language native libraries are shown in the Design Model.
  5. During elaboration the Design Model will accompany the use-case realization interaction diagrams, they may be created for the most architecturally significant classes of the design.
  6. Avoid making or updating any documentation or model
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72. What is true about Class diagrams?

  1. Conceptual perspective: The diagrams are interpreted as describing things in the real world.
  2. Specification perspective: The diagrams are interpreted as describing software abstractions or components with specifications and interfaces but with no commitment to a particular implementation.
  3. Implementation perspective: The diagrams are interpreted as describing software implementations in a particular technology and language.
  4. All the above
  5. None of the above
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73. Which statement is false about stereotype?

  1. A stereotype under UML is a mechanism to categorize an element in some way.
  2. The benefit of Stereotypes is to minimize UML meta-model change when your construct cannot be represented by existing constructs.
  3. A stereotype is showing in text between guillemets (<< text >>) e.g. <<interface>> is used to indicate an interface.
  4. All the above
  5. None of the above
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74. Which of the following statements are false?

  1. Classification refers to the relationship between an object and its type.
  2. In single classification an object belongs to a single type that may inherit from supertypes.
  3. In multiple classification, an object may be described by several types that are not necessarily connected by inheritance.
  4. Multiple classification is different from multiple inheritance. Multiple inheritance says that a type may have many supertypes but a single type must be defined for each object. Multiple classification allows multiple types for an object without defining a specific type for the purpose.
  5. If you use multiple classification you need to be sure that you make it clear which combinations are legal. You do this by labelling a generalization line with a discriminator role that is an indication of the basis of the subtyping.
  6. A good convention is to have all subclasses that use one discriminator roll up to one triangle.
  7. All of the above
  8. None of the above
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75. Refer to the diagram to answer the question. Which statement is false?

  1. The behavior of objects of a class may be described formally in terms of states and events, using a state machine connected to the class under consideration.
  2. A state machine may be associated with each class of the model
  3. All of the above
  4. None of the above
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76. Refer to the diagram to answer the question.

  1. ICustomer is defined as an interface that consists of 2 attributes: name and address.
  2. ICustomer is defined as an interface that consists of 2 operations: getName() and setName(String name).
  3. Room and Chair is a composition relationship
  4. Doctor, Nurse and Physiotherapist is an example of static classification.
  5. Job role such as Manager, Engineer and Salesman is an example of dynamic classification
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77. Which of the following statements are false?

  1. Both Aggregation and Composition are a kind of "part-whole" relationship (association)
  2. Aggregation has a notion of "ownership" or "has" relationship.
  3. If the same item can be associated with multiple containers of the same type, then use a regular association.
  4. A student can appear in multiple classes. This is an example of Composition relationship
  5. If an item can only appear in one container (of that type), use a composition.
  6. Composition is a special form of aggregation. In a composition, the items "belong" to the container, while in a standard association, the items are merely associated with the container.
  7. A specific room will be part of one and only one building. This is an example of Aggregation relationship
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78. Which of the following statements are false about Association?

  1. From a conceptual perspective associations represent conceptual relationships between classes.
  2. During domain modeling an association is not a statement about data flows, instance variables, or object connections in software; it is a statement that a relationship is meaningful in a conceptual sense.
  3. From the specification perspective associations represent responsibilities. These responsibilities imply data structure.
  4. An association in Design Model is translated as the source class having an attribute that refers to an instance of the target class. Associations in Domain Model are used only to enhance the comprehension of the problem domain.
  5. From the implementation perspective associations represent references between the related classes.
  6. Association names should start with a lower-case letter.
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79. Which of the following statements are true about Navigability?

  1. Navigability is a property of the role that indicates that is possible to navigate uni-directionally across the association from objects of the source to target class.
  2. Navigability implies visibility usually attribute visibility.
  3. If navigability exists only in one direction we call the association a unidirectional association. If the association doesn't have navigability arrows then is bi-directional.
  4. Common situations suggesting a need to define an association with navigability adornment from A to B are: A sends a message to B, A creates an instance to B, A needs to maintain a connection to B.
  5. All of the above
  6. A and c only
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80. Visibility is the ability of an object to see or have a reference to another object. Which of the following statements are true?

  1. Attribute visibility from A to B exists when A is an attribute of B. It is a relatively permanent visibility because it persists as long as A and B exist.
  2. Navigability implies visibility usually attribute visibility.
  3. Local visibility from A to B exists when A is declared as local object within a method of B. It is relatively temporary visibility because it persists only within the scope of the method.
  4. Global Visibility from A to B exists when B is global to A. It is relatively permanent visibility because it persists as long as A and B exist.
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81. Which of the following statements are false about association class?

  1. It is illegal to include an attribute to an association class.
  2. Instances of the association class have a life-time dependency on the association.
  3. There is a many-to-many association between two concepts and information associated with the association itself.
  4. There is a many-to-many association between two concepts and one or more attributes of a concept has multiple values.
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82. Which of the following statements are false about composition?

  1. Composition is a kind of association used to model the whole-part relationships between things. If the multiplicity at the composite object is one that means that the part may not exist separate from the composite.
  2. Composition in the Design Model indicates that the composite software objects create the part software objects.
  3. With composition the part object may belong to only one whole usually the parts are expected to live independently.
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83. Which of the following statements are true about UML and Java code mapping?

  1. associations in UML class diagrams are mapped directly into the instance variables in the classes involved.
  2. multiplicity of the association is manifested by a Collection
  3. Wdirection of the association is manifested by one class having an instance variable of type of the other class, but not vice versa.
  4. use/depend relationship is translated into "import" statement.
  5. All of the above
  6. None of the above
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84. Which of the following statements are false about Attributes?

  1. Numeric quantities should be represented as plain numbers.
  2. From the conceptual perspective there is no difference between an attribute and an association.
  3. At the conceptual level attributes indicates that the concept has properties. At the specification level attributes indicates that the object has class/instance variables and has interfaces for getting/setting the value of these attributes.
  4. From the specification perspective a derived attribute implies a performance/optimization consideration.
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85. Which of the following statements is true pertaining to Operations?

  1. In conceptual models, operations are used to specify the interface of a class.
  2. At the specification level, operations correspond to public methods on a type.
  3. Getters and setters operations should not be shown in a class diagram.
  4. An operation is something that is invoked on an object (the procedure call), whereas a method is the body of the procedure.
  5. The source to identify methods of each class is from those class diagrams.
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86. Which of the following statements is true pertaining to Business Rules?

  1. Business Rules is also known as Domain Rules, which dictate how the domain or business may operate.
  2. Business rules are considered as part of application requirements.
  3. Company policies, physical laws and government laws are common business rules.
  4. It is a common practice to record system features as rules e.g. rule-based application.
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87. Which of the following statements is true pertaining to rules in grouping classes into package?

  1. Are in the same subject area-closely related by concept or purpose?
  2. Are in a class hierarchy together, (related by generalization-specialization)?
  3. Participate in the same use cases.
  4. Are strongly associated?
  5. Extract unstable classes into a package. This would reduce widespread dependency on unstable packages.
  6. All of the above
  7. A, b, c and d ONLY
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88. Given that classes A -> B -> C are residing on different packages and their dependency is illustrated as above. Which of the following statements is true?

  1. Change of a private method of B may affect A.
  2. Change of a public method of B may affect A.
  3. Change of a public method of C may affect A.
  4. Change of a public method of C may affect B.
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89. Consider the following situations: Creating a pure fabrication class that comprises of public interface of only a small subset of operations associated classes within the package. Giving all classes within the package private visibility so that they can be seen only by other classes in the same package, Which design pattern matches the implementation description?

  1. Pure fabrication
  2. Controller
  3. Mediator
  4. Indirection
  5. Facade
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